Autores
Joyce Graziella Oliveira, Mário Luiz Santana Júnior, Nayane Jaqueline Costa Maia, José Carlos Batista Dubeux Junior, Augusto Hauber Gameiro, Taise Robinson Kunrath, Gabriela Geraldi Mendonça & Flávia Fernanda Simili
Resumo
The rational
use of nutrients is a key factor for the sustainability of agricultural
systems. This study aimed to analyze the nitrogen balance and use efficiency,
and the valorization of organic residues within integrated systems, in
comparison to conventional agricultural and livestock systems. The experiment
was assembled in a randomized blocks design with three replicates. Six
production systems were compared, grain maize production (CROP) and pasture for
beef cattle production (LS), and four ICLS (Integrated Crop-Livestock System)
for grain maize and pastures for beef cattle, in 2 years. In order to estimate
the nutrients balance, inputs, and outputs at farm levels were considered, and
with the results obtained for nutrient balance, the use efficiency was
calculated. The CROP presented higher nutrient use efficiency (1.43kg/ha−1), but at the same time, it resulted in negative
contributions for the nutrient balance (−97kg/ha−1) because of lower amounts of nitrogen in the
organic residues (188kg/ha−1) and lower valuation. The LS and ICLS provided a
higher amount of nitrogen (983kg/ha−1; mean ± 921kg/ha−1) and valuation of organic residues. The presence
of components such as pastures and the animal contribute to a positive
production system, while reducing the needs for chemical fertilizers.
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